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Literary Criticism and Theory

Literary criticism and theory is the systematic study of literature, encompassing both the interpretive analysis of individual texts and the formulation of theoretical frameworks for understanding how literature produces meaning and cultural effects.

Type: Concept Domain: Humanities Philosophy Era: 335 BCE — present

Overview

The discipline developed through distinct methodological traditions, including classical concepts of mimesis and catharsis, New Criticism's formalist close reading, structuralism, deconstruction, psychoanalysis, Marxist analysis, and feminist and postcolonial theory. Each approach introduced analytical frameworks that redefined interpretive methods and inquiry regarding literary texts.

Why it matters

By examining how language constructs meaning and social structures, literary theory influenced methods in philosophy, cultural studies, and social theory regarding discourse, ideology, and representation. Feminist and postcolonial criticism reassessed traditional canons and contributed to institutional shifts in academic curricula and publishing practices.

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